WPA Enterprise: Recon

Overview

Before attacking a WPA Enterprise network, passive capture reveals critical information: domain names from EAP identity frames, server certificate details for cloning, and supported EAP methods. Steps 1–3 are entirely passive. Step 4 (EAP method enumeration) sends active probes and requires a valid username.

1. Capture Enterprise Traffic

Focus airodump-ng on the target AP channel:

sudo airmon-ng start wlan0
sudo airodump-ng wlan0mon -w ~/wifi/enterprise -c <CHANNEL> --wps

2. Harvest EAP Identities

Misconfigured clients send their identity (username + domain) in plaintext before the TLS tunnel is established. Extract with tshark:

tshark -r ~/wifi/enterprise-01.cap \
  -Y '(eap && wlan.ra == <BSSID>) && (eap.identity)' \
  -T fields -e eap.identity

Filter in Wireshark:

eap && eap.identity

Look for Response, Identity packets, they contain DOMAIN\username or username@domain.

3. Extract Server Certificate

The RADIUS server sends its TLS certificate in cleartext during the handshake. Useful for:

Identifying the organisation and domain
Cloning the certificate for a trusted rogue AP attack

Extract all IA5String fields (CN, email, org):

tshark -r ~/wifi/enterprise-01.cap \
  -Y "wlan.bssid == <BSSID> && x509sat.IA5String" \
  -T fields -e x509sat.IA5String

Full certificate dump:

tshark -r ~/wifi/enterprise-01.cap \
  -Y "wlan.bssid == <BSSID> && ssl.handshake.type == 11" -V

Wireshark filter:

(wlan.sa == <BSSID>) && (tls.handshake.certificate)

Display a saved DER certificate:

openssl x509 -inform der -in <CERTIFICATE_FILE> -text

4. Enumerate EAP Methods (EAP_buster)

With a valid username from step 2, probe the AP to discover which EAP methods it supports:

cd ~/tools/EAP_buster/
bash ./EAP_buster.sh <SSID> 'DOMAIN\username' wlan1

Common methods to look for: PEAP, TTLS, TLS, FAST.

5. Organise Captures (wifi_db)

wifi_db imports all captures into a SQLite database for easy querying of identities, certificates, and network metadata:

cd ~/tools/wifi_db
python3 wifi_db.py -d wifichallenge.sqlite ~/wifi/
sqlitebrowser wifichallenge.sqlite

Summary: What to Collect

Data	Source	Tool
Domain name	EAP identity frames	tshark / Wireshark
Usernames	EAP identity frames	tshark / wifi_db
Certificate CN / email	TLS handshake	tshark
Supported EAP methods	Active probe	EAP_buster

Documentation Index

​Overview

​1. Capture Enterprise Traffic

​2. Harvest EAP Identities

​3. Extract Server Certificate

​4. Enumerate EAP Methods (EAP_buster)

​5. Organise Captures (wifi_db)

​Summary: What to Collect