Check Groups
Server Operators
Can modify/manage services and back up/restore files (SeBackupPrivilege/SeRestorePrivilege). Note: Server Operators do not have SeLoadDriverPrivilege by default — driver loading belongs to Print Operators.
Exploit — Modify Service
Any service the group can manage works. Common targets:
Backup Operators
SeBackupPrivilege + SeRestorePrivilege. Read/write any file.
Dump SAM & SYSTEM
Dump NTDS.dit (Domain Controller)
Extract:
Read Any File
See also SeBackupPrivilege for more techniques.
DnsAdmins
Members can load arbitrary DLL into DNS service (runs as SYSTEM on DC).
Create Malicious DLL
Host on SMB
Load DLL into DNS
Restart DNS Service
Cleanup
Restarting DNS on a domain controller can cause outages. Coordinate with client in real engagements.
Account Operators
Can create/modify users and groups (except Domain Admins, Administrators).
Add User to Domain
Modify Existing User
Modify Group Membership
Then abuse Exchange permissions for DCSync.
Print Operators
Can load drivers and manage printers. SeLoadDriverPrivilege.
Load Vulnerable Driver
See SeLoadDriverPrivilege.
Remote Desktop Users
RDP access to machine.
Once in, check local privesc vectors.
Remote Management Users
WinRM access.
Hyper-V Administrators
Full control over Hyper-V VMs. Can clone DC virtual disk.
Event Log Readers
Read security event logs. Can find credentials in logs.
Quick Reference