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Check Groups


Server Operators

Can modify/manage services and back up/restore files (SeBackupPrivilege/SeRestorePrivilege). Note: Server Operators do not have SeLoadDriverPrivilege by default — driver loading belongs to Print Operators.

Exploit — Modify Service

Any service the group can manage works. Common targets:

Backup Operators

SeBackupPrivilege + SeRestorePrivilege. Read/write any file.

Dump SAM & SYSTEM

Dump NTDS.dit (Domain Controller)

Extract:

Read Any File

See also SeBackupPrivilege for more techniques.

DnsAdmins

Members can load arbitrary DLL into DNS service (runs as SYSTEM on DC).

Create Malicious DLL

Host on SMB

Load DLL into DNS

Restart DNS Service

Cleanup

Restarting DNS on a domain controller can cause outages. Coordinate with client in real engagements.

Account Operators

Can create/modify users and groups (except Domain Admins, Administrators).

Add User to Domain

Modify Existing User

Modify Group Membership

Then abuse Exchange permissions for DCSync.
Can load drivers and manage printers. SeLoadDriverPrivilege.

Load Vulnerable Driver

See SeLoadDriverPrivilege.

Remote Desktop Users

RDP access to machine.
Once in, check local privesc vectors.

Remote Management Users

WinRM access.

Hyper-V Administrators

Full control over Hyper-V VMs. Can clone DC virtual disk.

Event Log Readers

Read security event logs. Can find credentials in logs.

Quick Reference